Austria

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Austria is country in the southern part of Central Europe. It is a landlocked country in East Alpine. 

Austria map: The neighbouring countries with which Austria shares its border are  Germany (northwest), Czech Republic (north), Slovakia (northeast), Hungary (east), Slovenia and Italy (south), and Switzerland and Liechtenstein (west).

Austria capital: Vienna is Austria's capital and its largest city and one of the federal states too. 

Austria area: Austria’s  land  area is 83,879 square km.

Austria population: The population of Austria is approx. 9 million.

Austria language: The official language of the country is German. But, many Austrians communicate informally in a variety of Bavarian dialects also.
 
Austria history: Around 976, Austria emerged as a margraviate and developed as a duchy and arch-duchy. In sixteenth Century,  Austria became the centre of the Habsburg Monarchy and the junior branch of the House of Habsburg. They were  one of the most influential royal dynasties in history.  As an arch-duchy, it was an administrative centre and was major component of the Holy Roman Empire. In early 19th century, Austria developed its own empire.  The Austrian empire became a great power and the leading force of the German Confederation.  However, it used to pursue its own course independently compared to other German states. A Dual Monarchy was established after the Austro-Prussian War and the compromise with Hungary.
 
Under Emperor Franz Joseph, Austria participated in World War I after the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand who was the presumptive successor to the Austro-Hungarian throne. There was a defeat and the dissolution of the Monarchy, after that, the Republic of German-Austria was proclaimed with the intent of the union with Germany.  But this effort eventually failed because the Allied Powers and the state remained unrecognised. The first Austrian Republic became the legal successor of Austria in 1919. Adolf Hitler, who was an Austrian-born, became the Chancellor of the German Reich. He achieved the annexation of Austria by the Anschluss in 1938. In 1945, Nazi Germany was defeated and after an extended period of Allied occupation, Austria became a  self-governing and sovereign democratic nation.
 
Austria facts: Politically, Austria is a parliamentary representative democracy. It has been subdivided into nine federated states. It directly elects its Federal President as head of state and a Chancellor as head of the federal government.

Austria cities: Vienna, Graz, Linz, Salzburg and Innsbruck are among major urban areas of Austria.

Austria economy: Austria consistently ranks among the top 20 richest countries in the world by GDP per capita. It has a high standard of living. In 2018 was ranked 20th in the Human Development Index in the world. Internationally, Vienna consistently ranks on top on quality of life indicators.
 
In 1955, Austria, which is also known as the Second Republic, declared its perpetual neutrality in foreign political affairs. Since 1955 itself, Austria is a member of the United Nations. Austria joined the European Union in 1995. Austria plays as host to the OSCE and OPEC.  It is founding member of the OECD and Interpol also. In 1995, Austria signed the Schengen Agreement and in 1999, it adopted the euro currency.

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